unmannedsystem.dev

#Unmanned System | Development

#FPV drone strike footage with perfect camera quality

#Visual fabric of the battlefield

#Viber optic FPV drone

#FPV drones immunity to electronic warfare (EW)

#FPV drone freedom of limitations brought by radio horizon

#Drones made a serious impact — from their role in Russia recapture of Kursk Oblast to the devastation of logistics all across the front line in Ukraine

#Fiber optic drones were first introduced not by pioneering Ukrainian drone teams, but by Russian forces

#Fying on fiber optic drone pilot is not concerned by radio horizon or electronic warfare - so long as fiber itself is not damaged or broken - being able to count on perfect video feed right up to the target

#Fiber optic drones have been game-changing in Ukraine war

#Fiber optic drone fiber technology: hanging under drone, usually between frame and munition, a large but fairly lightweight cylinder holds a long spool of lightweight optical fiber which gradually releases as drone flies forward

#Fiber optic drone is a wire-guided precision weapon

#Fiber optic allows FPV drones to fly where they never could before

#Fiber optic done cons:weight and bulk of fiber optic spool,larger drone frame with more powerful motors and larger battery needed, creating final airframe that is slower, less maneuverable, and easier to shoot down with small arms than standard FPV drones

#Fiber optic done cons: hard connection between pilot and fiber optic drone leaves physical trail of fiber after every flight, which, once they start to accumulate, can become visible, fiber is very reflective in the sunlight

#Killzone | Figure stands at 25-30 km | Increased reach and saturation behind the front line of drones on both sides

#Infiltration | Average Russian infantry assault group shrink from 6-10 to just one or two infantrymen | Pushing onward as far as possible has put russian infrantry teams in striking distance of unsuspecting Ukrainian drone teams

#Unmanned Ground Vehicle (UGV) | Crucial for bringing supplies along routes where a larger vehicle and its occupants would almost surely be targeted by enemy drones | Common practice across the front line is the use of UGVs for medical evacuations | The best bad option for getting the wounded out of danger in a timely manner

#Shotgun | With FPV drones getting more and more numerous, and often resistant or immune entirely to jamming with electronic warfare systems, the only surefire way to stop one now is kinetically | Trained soldier with shotgun in hand shooting the drone out of the sky | Clay pigeon shooting, once the purview of hunters and sport-shooters, is now quickly becoming an absolute necessity for any soldier — infantry or not — who wants to survive on the modern battlefield

#Anti-drone net | On road or cage on a vehicle

#Fiber optic drones | Wired-up death machine | Put into the field with elite teams | A lot of the more apocalyptic imagery coming out of the war | High quality video and images from field | Larger size due to fiber optics pod | Invented by Russia

#Lidar

#Gimbal

#5G Communication

#Cloud Connectivity

#Artificial Intelligence

#Swarm Flying

#Autonomous Navigation

#Autonomous Flying

#Interoperatively

#Night Operation Ability

#Collaboration With Manned Systems

#Angular resolution

#1550nm LiDAR | Advantages: safety, range, and performance in various environmental conditions | Enhanced Eye Safety: absorbed more efficiently by cornea and lens of eye, preventing light from reaching sensitive retina | Longer Detection Range | Improved Performance in Adverse Weather Conditions such as as fog, rain, or dust | Reduced Interference from Sunlight and Other Light Sources | More expensive due to complexity and lower production volumes of their components

#SLAM | Simultaneous Localization and Mapping

#Ultra sonic piezo motor

#Agentic workflow

#Vector database

#AI-augmented drone

#Unmanned submarines capable to destroy undersea cable infrastructure

#Unmanned systems being developed that would patrol undersea cables

#Resistive RAM (ReRAM) technology | onsemi Treo platform to provide embedded non-volatile memory | ReRAM integration into Bipolar CMOS DMOS (BCD) process | Potential alternative to flash memory | Demand for faster, more efficient, and scalable memory solutions increasing | Lower power consumption | Less vulnerable to common hacking tactics | ReRAM can be integrated easily into chip designs without interfering with power analog components

#A-list celebrity home protector | Burglaries targeting high-end items | Burglary report on Lime Orchard Road | Burglar had smashed glass door of residence | Ransacked home and fled | Couple were not home at the time | Unknown whether any items were taken | Lime Orchard Road is within Hidden Valley gated community of Los Angeles in Beverly Hills | Penelope Cruz, Cameron Diaz, Jennifer Lawrence, Adele and Katy Perry have purchased homes there, in addition to Kidman and Urban | Kidman and Urban bought their home for $4.7 million in 2008 | 4,100-square-foot, five-bedroom home built in 1965 and sits on 1¼-acre lot | Property large windows have views of the canyons | Theirs is one of several celebrity properties burglarized in Los Angeles and across country recently | Connected to South American organized-theft rings

#Professional athlete home protector | South American crime rings | Targeting wealthy Southern California neighborhoods for sophisticated home burglaries | Behind burglaries at homes of professional athletes and celebrities | Theft groups conduct extensive research before plotting burglaries | Monitoring target whereabouts and weekly routines via social media | Tracking travel and schedules | Conducting physical surveillance at homes | Attacks staged while targets and their families are away | Robbers aware of where valuables are stored in homes prior to staging break-ins | Burglaries conducted in short amount of time | Bypass alarm systems | Use Wi-Fi jammers to block Wi-Fi connections | Disable devices | Cover security cameras | Obfuscate identities

#Space Domain Awareness (SDA)

#Modern counter-drone systems

#High-energy laser systems

#Remote weapons stations

#Optical surveillance

#High energy laser capabilities

#Optical manufacturing

#Space control

#Software control systems

#Space control programs

#ROS 2 | The second version of the Robot Operating System | Communication, compatibility with other operating systems | Authentication and encryption mechanisms | Works natively on Linux, Windows, and macOS | Fast RTPS based on DDS (Data Distribution Service) | Programming languages: C++, Python, Rust

#Dexterous robot | Manipulate objects with precision, adaptability, and efficiency | Dexterity involves fine motor control, coordination, ability to handle a wide range of tasks, often in unstructured environments | Key aspects of robot dexterity include grip, manipulation, tactile sensitivity, agility, and coordination | Robot dexterity is crucial in: manufacturing, healthcare, logistics | Dexterity enables automation in tasks that traditionally require human-like precision

#Large Language Model (LLM) | Foundational LLM: ex Wikipedia in all its languages fed to LLM one word at a time | LLM is trained to predict the next word most likely to appear in that context | LLM intellugence is based on its ability to predict what comes next in a sentence | LLMs are amazing artifacts, containing a model of all of language, on a scale no human could conceive or visualize | LLMs do not apply any value to information, or truthfulness of sentences and paragraphs they have learned to produce | LLMs are powerful pattern-matching machines but lack human-like understanding, common sense, or ethical reasoning | LLMs produce merely a statistically probable sequence of words based on their training | LLMs are very good at summarizing | Inappropriate use of LLMs as search engines has produced lots of unhappy results | LLM output follows path of most likely words and assembles them into sentences | Pathological liars as a source for information | Incredibly good at turning pre-existing information into words | Give them facts and let them explain or impart them

#Retrieval Augmented Generation. (RAG LLM) | Designed for answering queries in a specific subject, for example, how to operate a particular appliance, tool, or type of machinery | LLM takes as much textual information about subject, user manuals and then pre-process it into small chunks containing few specific facts | When user asks question, software system identifies chunk of text which is most likely to contain answer | Question and answer are then fed to LLM, which generates human-language answer in response to query | Enforcing factualness on LLMs

#Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant | Moscow open to three-way cooperation with the U.S. and Ukraine regarding the occupied Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant | The largest nuclear plant in Europe | Enerhodar in Zaporizhzhia Oblast town | Not currently generating electricity | Plant status likely playing a role in an eventual settlement in Ukraine | U.S. offered to operate and possibly own the nuclear power plant to ensure its protection | Electricity proposed to be distributed to both Ukraine and Russia |

#Drones for industrial inspection and analysis | Confined space inspection | Collision and crash resistant inspection drone | 3D mapping | Volumetric measurement | Inspections of cargo ships, bridges, ports, steel mills cement factories, liquid gas tanks, nuclear facilities, city wide underground sewage systems | Ouster lidar | Elios 3 completed turbine blade inspection in just 27 minutes - it would take over 2 hours with rover and up to 2 days with person | Elios 3 could fly into each of turbine blades without having to reposition it to inspect either side of shear webs | Global Wind Energy Council: over 341,000 wind turbines installed across planet | Wind turbines are very high up in confined spaces | Specialized training required from Global Wind Organization | Inspections for wind turbines are focused on detecting either manufacturing faults or lightning damage | Lightning Protection System may not be properly configured | Destroyed wind turbine blade can cost $1 million to repair | Wind turbines have 3 blades, which need to be individually inspected | When person completes inspection, each blade being inspected needs to be pitched horizontally | I0nspections of entire wind turbine can take 5 to 9 days using persons | Turbine programmed to pitch 2 blades upwards, at positions matching 10 and 2 on clock | Upturned angles important in case problem with drone, it would roll safely back down | Elios 3 flown into each blade | 4K camera to gather visual data and take photos of potential problems as well as suspected lightning damage | FlyAware live LiDAR scan used when drone out of sight | LiDAR point cloud helped pilot determine how far had flown drone into blade | 27 minutes - 3 flights each blade with the Elios 3 | Visual data from Elios 3 showed damage inside blade not visible externally and also not easy to access | Individual blade may take over a day using persons or rovers | Rovers require each blade to be pitched horizontally, like with inspections by people, taking 2 hours per half of the blade (totaling 4 hours per blade)

#AI models deployed in embedded systems at edge | Brushless DC motors | Hall effect sensors | Optical encoders | Sensorless motor control | Field-oriented control | Artificial intelligence at edge | Three fundamental modalities: vision, sound, and motion | Using AI models to infer information about device environment | Linear algorithms | Software and hardware combination | Deploying multiple AI models in embedded devices requires edge processors designed to run AI | Embedded systems using AI can be considered open | Sensor fusion utilizes combined data from multiple sensors | AI-based vision systems are more adaptable to natural variations inherent in object inspection | Objects can be identified and inspected more quickly with greater flexibility | Strong multimodal AI, a single model will process multiple types of data | Control algorithms will use inputs generated by AI, inferred from multiple sources of data | AI inferencing in data flow | AI-enabled image sensors are perfect for gesture detection | Event detection based on sound is an active area of development | On device learning in real time

#Immediate.Measures to Increase American Mineral Production

#Critical minerals in Artificial Intelligence | At the core of AI transformation lies a complex ecosystem of critical minerals, each playing a distinct role | Boron: used to alter electrical properties of silicon | Silicon: fundamental material used in most semiconductors and integrated circuits | Phosphorus: helps establish the alternating p-n junctions necessary for creating transistors and integrated circuits | Cobalt: used in metallisation processes of semiconductor manufacturing | Copper: primary conductor in integrated circuits | Gallium: used in compound semiconductors such as gallium arsenide (GaAs) and gallium nitride (GaN) | Germanium: used in high-speed integrated circuits and fibre-optic technologies | Arsenic: employed as a dopant in silicon-based semiconductors | Indium phosphide: widely used in optical communications | Palladium: used in production of multi-layer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs) | Silver: the most conductive metal used in specialised integrated circuits and circuit boards | Tungsten: serves as a key material in transistors and as a contact metal in chip interconnects | Gold: used in bonding wires, connectors, and contact pads in chip packaging | Europium: enables improved performance in lasers, LEDs, and high-frequency electronics essential to AI systems and optical networks | Yttrium: improves the efficiency and stability of materials like GaN and InP, supporting advanced applications in photonics, high-speed computing, and communications technologies

#Critical minerals for Optics, Imaging & Advanced Materials | Graphite: high-speed electronics, advanced sensors, and thermal management systems | Copper: short-distance data transmission in AI data centres | Germanium: a key material in thermal imaging, night-vision optics, and fibre-optic communication systems | Indium: optical communication systems | Praseodymium: specific types of lasers and optical materials | Neodymium:solid-state lasers | Holmium: specialised laser systems, particularly medical and scientific applications

#Critical minerals for Power Supply & Batteries | Lithium: portable electronics, wearables, electric vehicles | Graphite: stores lithium ions during charging process and releases them during discharge | Manganese: used in various lithium-ion battery chemistries | Cobalt: critical to the performance of premium mobile and computing devices | Nickel: crucial for electric vehicles, high-performance electronics, and energy-intensive AI systems

#Broad Area Beyond Visual Line of Sight (BVLOS) Self-Assessment Trial | Groundbreaking self-assessment capability gained | Faster Drone-in-a-Box deployments | The first commercial operator approved under CASA new self-assessment trial | Capability to self-assess and commence operations within days | Enterprises operating across multiple sites - particularly in mining, agriculture, and industrial sectors - new projects can start faster, site expansions supported immediately, autonomous drone benefits realised quicker | RocketDNA operated BVLOS missions from Remote Operations Centre (ROC) since 2022 | Developed robust safety management systems | Refined operational procedures through thousands of flights | Built deep expertise in risk assessment and mitigation | Established proven track records with the regulator | Operating safely around active industrial sites and infrastructure | Navigating overlapping safety frameworks (aviation, mining, workplace safety) | Working seamlessly with existing site operations and security protocols | Meeting the uptime and performance standards enterprise customers demand | Deployment and installation at client site | Remote operations from certified Operations Centre | Maintenance and compliance for all equipment | Data processing and delivery in preferred formats | Drone capability can move with operational priorities, not lag weeks behind them | Ability to quickly deploy drone to new locations | Running comparative trials across different sites | Autonomous drones can handle mine stock pile flights automatically on a set schedule | Volume calculations and 3D models are ready within hours | Automated flight patterns give consistent image overlap and quality. | Better data for planning | Fewer surprises at end of month | Docked drone systems sit in weatherproof unit that houses drone and its charging and communications systems | Base station arrives on site pre-mounted on a skid to make installation simple | Off-grid power options like hybrid solar, battery, and diesel | When scheduled or triggered manually, roof slides open, drone takes off, flies a pre-set route, and returns to recharge | Data uploads automatically, streaming live to team via Starlink, LTE/5G, or site network | SurveyBot start from around $50–60k | Rio Tinto Gudai-Darri mine designed around autonomous haulage and remote operating centres | Mine planning, drill and blast, environmental, and geotechnical teams all needed regular surveys and imagery to support their work | Autonomous haulage fleet is running continuously | Reducing the number of manual vehicle movements into the pit | Giving multiple departments faster access to survey imagery and data | Freeing surveyors from routine flying | With more than 190 square kilometres of mine to cover | Automating routine missions with docked drone system, but retaining manual flights for specialised jobs | Satellite connections with Starlink meant system could be brought online with a simple antenna

#Broad Area Beyond Visual Line of Sight (BVLOS) Self-Assessment Trial | Groundbreaking self-assessment capability gained | Faster Drone-in-a-Box deployments | The first commercial operator approved under CASA new self-assessment trial | Capability to self-assess and commence operations within days | Enterprises operating across multiple sites - particularly in mining, agriculture, and industrial sectors - new projects can start faster, site expansions supported immediately, autonomous drone benefits realised quicker | RocketDNA operated BVLOS missions from Remote Operations Centre (ROC) since 2022 | Developed robust safety management systems | Refined operational procedures through thousands of flights | Built deep expertise in risk assessment and mitigation | Established proven track records with the regulator | Operating safely around active industrial sites and infrastructure | Navigating overlapping safety frameworks (aviation, mining, workplace safety) | Working seamlessly with existing site operations and security protocols | Meeting the uptime and performance standards enterprise customers demand | Deployment and installation at client site | Remote operations from certified Operations Centre | Maintenance and compliance for all equipment | Data processing and delivery in preferred formats | Drone capability can move with operational priorities, not lag weeks behind them | Ability to quickly deploy drone to new locations | Running comparative trials across different sites | Autonomous drones can handle mine stock pile flights automatically on a set schedule | Volume calculations and 3D models are ready within hours | Automated flight patterns give consistent image overlap and quality. | Better data for planning | Fewer surprises at end of month | Docked drone systems sit in weatherproof unit that houses drone and its charging and communications systems | Base station arrives on site pre-mounted on a skid to make installation simple | Off-grid power options like hybrid solar, battery, and diesel | When scheduled or triggered manually, roof slides open, drone takes off, flies a pre-set route, and returns to recharge | Data uploads automatically, streaming live to team via Starlink, LTE/5G, or site network | SurveyBot start from around $50–60k | Rio Tinto Gudai-Darri mine designed around autonomous haulage and remote operating centres | Mine planning, drill and blast, environmental, and geotechnical teams all needed regular surveys and imagery to support their work | Autonomous haulage fleet is running continuously | Reducing the number of manual vehicle movements into the pit | Giving multiple departments faster access to survey imagery and data | Freeing surveyors from routine flying | With more than 190 square kilometres of mine to cover | Automating routine missions with docked drone system, but retaining manual flights for specialised jobs | Satellite connections with Starlink meant system could be brought online with a simple antenna